Phineas Gage was an american railroad construction foreman now remembered for his incredible survival of an accident in which a large iron rod was driven completely through his head, destroying much of his brain's left frontal lobe , and for that injury's reported effects on his personality and behavior. He had an accident that occur like this:
¨On September 13, 1848, 25-year-old Gage was foreman of a work gang blasting rock while preparing the roadbed for the Rutland & Burlington Railroad outside the town of Cavendish, Vermont. After a hole was bored into a body of rock, one of Gage's duties was to add blasting powder, a fuse, and sand, then compact the charge into the hole using a large iron rod. Possibly because the sand was omitted, around 4:30 PM:the powder exploded, carrying an instrument through his head an inch and a fourth in , and three feet and inches in length, which he was using at the time. The iron entered on the side of his face...passing back of the left eye, and out at the top of the head.¨
Amazingly Phineas was strong enough and did not die his is a little summary about how he continued his normal life that I found in wikipedia, ¨By November 25 Gage was strong enough to return to his parents' home in Lebanon, New Hampshire, where by late December he was "riding out, improving both mentally and physically." In April 1849 he returned to Cavendish and paid a visit to Harlow, who noted at that time loss of vision (and ptosis) of the left eye, a large scar on the forehead, and "upon the top of the head...a deep depression, two inches by one and one-half inches wide, beneath which the pulsations of the brain can be perceived. Partial paralysis of the left side of the face." Despite all this, "his physical health is good, and I am inclined to say he has recovered. Has no pain in head, but says it has a queer feeling which he is not able to describe.¨ The ideas of why we learn braim localization is because different parts of the brain perform different functions. a Brain lateralization is A longitudinal fissure separates the human brain into two distinct cerebral hemispheres, connected by the corpus callosum.
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